Industry Canada
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Canadian Industry Statistics
Administrative Employees
Same as non-manufacturing employee.
Includes all employees designated as executive, administrative, clerical/office and sales staff. Also included are employees on the payroll of the establishment and engaged in such non-manufacturing activities as: cafeterias or restaurant counters operated by the establishment; new construction, major repairs or alterations of buildings, machinery and equipment for the use of the establishment, when such work is chargeable to the fixed assets accounts
Apparent Domestic Market
The apparent domestic market is estimated by adding total imports to manufacturing shipments and subtracting total exports.
Caution should be exercised when interpreting statistics relating to the apparent domestic market. The reason it is called apparent and not real domestic market is due to a number of factors which can distort the results.
Average Annual Salary
The average annual salary per employee is calculated by dividing the total wages paid by the number of employees.
Average Hours Worked Per Week
The average number of hours worked per week per employee is calculated by dividing the total number of hours worked per year by 52 and by the number of employees. This applies here only to production employees.
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Building and Engineering Construction (expenditures on)
As defined for compiling capital investment by type of asset. Building and engineering construction expenditures cover:
The cost of any machinery and equipment which is an integral or built-in feature of the structure (i.e. elevators, heating equipment, sprinkler systems, environmental controls, intercom systems, etc.) are reported as part of the cost of that structure as well as landscaping, parking lots and the like.
Business Cycle
The business cycle is periodic but irregular upward and downward movement in economic activity. The business cycle has two phases: recession and expansion. During a recession real GDP decreases and resources such as labour and capital are not used to their potential. During an expansion real GDP increases, expanding consumption possibilities for an economy.
Business Sector
As defined for compiling labour productivity indices.
The business sector extends to all facets of the Canadian economy other than public administration, non-profit organizations and the Canadian System of National Accounts (CSNA) imputation of the rental value of owner-occupied dwellings. These are excluded because it is difficult to draw inferences on labour productivity in these areas.
As such, it does not correspond to a sector as defined under the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
Canadian Company Capabilities (CCC)
The Canadian Company Capabilities is a centrally maintained, searchable database containing the business profiles of over 50,000 Canadian companies.
It is an innovative platform designed to connect companies in order to enhance their business opportunities. It is intended to increase the visibility of companies in Canada to foreign and domestic buyers, sellers, distributors and partners. Search results from the database can be printed in comprehensive, short or custom reports.
Capital Investment
Capital expenditures are the gross expenditures on fixed assets for use in the operation of an establishment or lease or rent to others.
Included are:
Assets acquired for lease to others are included, but assets acquired as a lessee are not.
Chained Dollars
A methodology implemented by Statistics Canada which takes into account fluctuations in relative prices and the composition of output over time. In "Canadian Industry Statistics", real Gross Domestic Product (real GDP) is presented in chained dollars.
Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)
The year over year growth rate applied to a statistical variable using a base amount as calculated using the following formula:
CAGR = ((Last Value /FirstValue ) raised to the (1 / Years) power) - 1
Cost of Energy, Water and Vehicle Fuel
Cost of purchased energy and water utility expenses and electricity consumed for energy purposes only, both in manufacturing and non-manufacturing operations. This covers amounts used in all vehicles, plant and office operations, and any support units which are part of the establishment.
Any fuel purchased as an input into the manufacturing process as a feedstock or processing material (e.g. crude oil processed into gasoline) or for other non-energy purposes is excluded.
Cost of Materials and Supplies
The total cost of all manufacturing inputs purchased, owned and used in manufacturing operations. Only commodity items or physical goods are reported and not costs of services or overhead charges. The cost of materials and supplies includes:
Excluded are:
Current Dollars
Measurements are valued at the current price within the given period of time.
Customs Bonded Warehouses
Bonded warehouses are authorized by Canadian or U.S. Customs for storage of goods on which payment of duties is deferred until the goods are exported or consumed domestically.
These goods are not subject to duties if re-shipped to foreign points.
Depreciation of Assets
Refers to the value of wear and tear on physical assets (buildings and machinery and equipment) resulting from use in the production of goods and services. Different formulas of depreciation exist, such as linear (straight-line) depreciation, hyperbolic (delayed) and geometric (infinite).
Domestic Exports
Domestic exports consist of the exports of all goods grown, produced, extracted or manufactured in a country leaving the country (through Customs) for a foreign destination. Exports of imported merchandise which has been substantially enhanced in value are also included.
Domestic exports differ from total exports in that re-exports are not included.
Employer (Type of Establishment)
Defined as an establishment where total employment equals one or more regular worker(s).
Regular workers exclude:
Employment per Establishment
Employment per establishment is calculated by dividing total employment by the number of principal establishments.
Employment Size Category
Employment size categories from the Canadian Business Patterns database have been re-grouped into Canadian Industry Statistics.
Here are the categories under the following employment size ranges:
Employment Type (in Manufacturing Sector)
Employment within the manufacturing sector is separated into two major types of workers: production employee and administrative employees.
Enterprise
The standardized model developed at Statistics Canada for business surveys consists of a four level hierarchy of Statistical Entities. The four statistical entity subtypes are - the enterprise, the company, the establishment and the location. Each subtype is associated with a particular class or level of economic data.
The enterprise (the top of the hierarchy) is associated with a complete set of financial statements. The enterprise, as a statistical unit, is defined as the organizational unit of a business that directs and controls the allocation of resources relating to its domestic operations, and for which consolidated financial and balance sheet accounts are maintained from which international transactions, an international investment position and a consolidated financial position for the unit can be derived.
Establishment
The establishment (third in the hierarchy) is the level at which the accounting data required to measure production is available (principal inputs, revenues, salaries and wages).The establishment, as a statistical unit, is defined as the most homogeneous unit of production for which the business maintains accounting records from which it is possible to assemble all the data elements required to compile the full structure of the gross value of production (total sales or shipments, and inventories), the cost of materials and services, and labour and capital used in production.
Generally, the establishment corresponds to a plant, mill or factory. However, the establishment may comprise more than one plant if accounting records do not permit separate reports for each one. An establishment may also include ancillary or support units, such as sales offices or warehouses.
Export Intensity
Export intensity is defined as the ratio of domestic exports to manufacturing shipments X 100. The more an industry is export oriented, the higher is this ratio.
Exports
See total exports.
Gross Capital Stock
Gross Capital Stock provides a measure of accumulated capital investment.
Gross capital stock is the value of all fixed assets still in use, at the actual or estimated current purchasers prices for new assets of the same type, irrespective of the age of the assets. It should be mentioned that these data are not adjusted for depreciation of assets.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by industry measures the value of output of an industry less the value of intermediate inputs required in the production process. In this sense, it is an output-based measure of economic activity and is commonly referred to as the "value-added" of an industry.
GDP is "gross" in the sense that it does not deduct the depreciation of capital, and "domestic" as it measures production occurring within the political boundaries of Canada. GDP by industry is expressed in basic prices, that is, it includes taxes paid and subsidies received on the factors of production (labour or capital).
At the industry level, GDP represents the value each industry adds to the production process. At the aggregate level, it represents the total value of (traditional) production in the economy.
The Data Sources section offers further information on the source of GDP estimates.
Hours Worked by Production Workers
The total number of hours worked by production employees in a year was available from the Annual Survey of Manufactures.
As of the release of data for the 2000 reporting period, hours worked data is no longer reported on the survey. Historical estimates on hours worked by production workers are available in the Production chapter reports for the Manufacturing sector and its sub-sectors, industry groups, industries and national industries.
Imports
See total imports.
Indeterminate Employees
An employment size category defined as establishments with no or an indeterminate quantity of employees.
Unfortunately, it is not known what percent of the indeterminate category actually have no employees.
The establishments in the "indeterminate" category do not maintain an employee payroll, but may have a workforce which consists of contracted workers, family members or business owners. However, the Business Register does not have this information available, and has therefore assigned the establishments to an "indeterminate" category.
Industry
Corresponds to the 5-digit level designation in the 2007 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
Industry Group
Corresponds to the 4-digit level designation in the 2007 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
Inventories
Inventories are reported at values maintained in the establishments accounting records (book value) and include inventory at the plant and at any warehouse or selling outlet which is treated as part of the establishment. Inventories only include inventory held or in transit in Canada or on consignment in Canada, as well as goods owned and held in inventory abroad
Excluded from inventories are any goods held on consignment from others.
Inventories include, but are not limited to:
Labour Productivity - Manufacturing Value-added per Hour (in Manufacturing Sector)
Labour productivity measures manufacturing output per unit of labour input. Manufacturing output is expressed in terms of manufacturing value-added. Labour productivity is calculated by dividing manufacturing value-added by the hours worked by production employees.
Labour Productivity Index
Labour productivity is defined in simple terms as output, measured as real Gross Domestic Product (in chained dollars), per hour worked in the business sector. Labour productivity derived from real GDP is presented as an index in order to avoid methodological problems associated with level comparisons.
Machinery and Equipment (Capital Expenditures on)
As defined for compiling capital investment by type of asset.
Capital expenditures on machinery and equipment cover such items as:>
The following is excluded:
Manufacturing Intensity
Manufacturing intensity is defined as the ratio of manufacturing value-added to manufacturing shipments.
Manufacturing Shipments
Also called "Shipments of Goods of Own Manufacture" or "Sales of Manufactured Goods".
The value of manufacturing shipments represents the net selling value of goods made by the reporting establishments.
It includes:
It excludes:
Manufacturing Shipments per Employee
Manufacturing shipments per employee is obtained by dividing manufacturing shipments by the number of employees - either all employees or only the production employees.
Manufacturing Value-Added
Manufacturing value-added, a measure of net output, consists of manufacturing shipments plus net change in inventory of goods in process and finished goods, less cost of purchased inputs (which are the cost of materials and supplies used and the cost of fuel and electricity) for manufacturing activities.
Manufacturing Value-Added per Employee
Manufacturing value-added per employee is obtained by dividing manufacturing value-added by the number of employees - either all employees or only the production employees.
National Industry
Corresponds to the 6-digit level designation in the 2007 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
Net Capital Stock
Net Capital Stock is equal to gross capital stock adjusted for the depreciation of assets.
Non-Manufacturing Activity (Revenues from)
Also called "Other Revenues".
Manufacturing establishments may also engage in non-manufacturing activities and receive revenue from these additional activities. These include:
North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)
See About NAICS Canada
Opportunity Cost
The opportunity cost of following a course of action is the value of the best alternative forgone. For example, the opportunity cost of a firm investing in new machinery to improve its manufacturing productivity might be the interest that could be earned on the purchase of a bond with the same funds.
Other Revenues
See revenues from non-manufacturing activities.
Output Per Employee
See manufacturing shipments per employee or manufacturing value-added per employee
Output Per Hour
See labour productivity.
Principal Establishments
An incorporated business with employees having sales of manufactured goods greater than or equal to $30,000.
Production Employee
Same as "production worker" or "manufacturing employee".
Production employees include all employees working directly in manufacturing operations such as:
If the enterprise is operating the establishment, the employees working in a cafeteria or restaurant counters are counted as production workers.
Workers in head administrative, executive, sales or service offices are counted as administrative employees.
Real Gross Domestic Product by Industry
Real Gross Domestic Product (real GDP) by industry is presented in chained dollars. The process of chaining takes into account fluctuations in relative prices and the composition of output over time. Chained GDP preserves original growth rates of industries and is especially important in examining the performance of industries which have been susceptible to rapid price changes (such as information technology and related industries).
Statistics Canada expresses GDP in basic prices, which is measured as output valued at basic prices (subsidized prices less taxes on the products at the time of sale and separately invoice transport charges) less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers prices.
The reader should be aware that this measure of GDP differs from those which are expenditure-based and income-based rather than by industry.
Real Interest Rate
The real interest rate is equal to the interest rate on a loan minus the expected inflation rate. For example, if the annual interest rate on a loan is 8% and inflation is expected to be 2% per year then the real interest rate is 6% per year.
Re-Exports
Re-Exports (sometimes also called Foreign Exports) refer to the export of goods that have previously entered a country and are leaving in (essentially) the same condition as when first imported. Exports of imported merchandise which has been minimally processed but not substantially enhanced in value are also counted as re-exports.
Sector
Corresponds to the 2-digit level designation in the 2007 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Note that a set of 2 digit numbers was needed to define the Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33), Retail Trade (NAICS 44-45) and Transportation and Warehousing (NAICS 48-49) sectors.
Shipments
See manufacturing shipments.
Small and Medium Size Establishment (SME)
An establishment which employs, on average, less than 500 employees in a given year. For specific information on small and medium size categories for establishments refer to employment size categories.
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)
A method used to classify establishments (SIC-E) and companies or enterprises (SIC-C) into industry groups.
Replaced by the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) in 1997.
Standard of Living
The most frequently used formula to calculate the standard of living for a country is Gross Domestic Product per capita (per person). However many indices have been created to incorporate other factors which contribute to a country's standard of living, such as infant mortality rate, life expectancy, fertility rate, literacy and education, to id a few.
SME Benchmarking Tool
SME Benchmarking Tool is an on-line performance bench marking tool available on Industry Canada's web site.
It provides detailed financial and employment data on more than 600 business sectors across Canada, including more than 30 performance benchmarks to help small businesses determine how they measure up against their competitors.
This tool uses the Small Business Profiles (SBP) created from a sample of Canada Customs and Revenue Agency (CCRA) tax returns for both incorporated and unincorporated businesses operating in Canada.
The data are for the year 2010 and business sectors are classified according to Statistics Canada's 2007 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
Statistics Canada
Canada's central statistical agency. Statistics Canada produces statistics that help Canadians better understand their country.
Sub-Sector
Corresponds to the 3-digit level designation in the 2007 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
Time Series
A time series is a sequence of repeated observations, normally measured at uniform time intervals.
Total Employment
Accounts for all personnel on the payroll of the establishment, including those working in ancillary units which form part of the establishment.
Employees are defined as those workers for whom an establishment completes a "Canada Customs and Revenue Agency (CCRA) T4 - Statement of Remuneration Paid" form. Because the size of the labour force may change in the course of a year, the establishments effectively report the average number employed for the reporting period.
This includes employees of manufacturing and non-manufacturing operations:
In the Manufacturing sector, employees are usually divided into two groups: production employees and administrative employees.
Total Exports
Total exports include all goods leaving the country (through Customs) for a foreign destination. It consists of the sum of domestic exports and re-exports.
Total Imports
Total imports include all goods entering the country (through Customs) from a foreign destination, whether for immediate domestic consumption or for storage in customs bonded warehouses.
Goods re-entering (returned to) Canada after having been exported abroad (without having been materially altered or substantially enhanced in value while abroad) are also counted. These are sometimes called re-imports.
Total Revenues
Also called Sales of Manufactured Goods and Other Revenues, consists of the value of manufacturing shipments plus other revenues derived from non-manufacturing activity.
Total Wages Paid
Salaries and wages are gross, before any deductions from employees for income tax and employee contributions for sickness, accident, pension, insurance, or other benefits. Fringe benefit contributions by the employer are not included.
Trade Balance
The balance of trade represents the difference between exports and imports of goods between a country and one (or more) of its international trading partners.
Trade Balance = Total Exports minus Total Imports
If the country imports more goods than it exports, the trade balance is negative (trade deficit). If the country exports more goods than it imports, the trade balance is positive (trade surplus).
Value-Added
Also see manufacturing value-added.
The value-added is a measure of net output, that is, of gross output less those purchased inputs that have been embodied in the value of the product.
Wages
See total wages paid.
