Call for Applications to Licence Satellite Orbital Positions

2.  Application and Licensing Processes

The Department is using a comparative licensing process to facilitate the timely development and operation of space stations. Overall, this process involves the submission of applications, evaluation of the applications by the Department, selection of applicants, and follow-up procedures leading to the issuance of radio authorizations. Applicants in this process should familiarize themselves with the policy provisions, objectives, satellite requirements and potential licence conditions described in the following sections, and should use them as a guide in the preparation of their applications for submission to the Department.

Direct contact with departmental officials concerning the merits of any application will not be entertained during the selection and licensing process. This does not limit contact with departmental officials concerning the process in general or for other unrelated issues.

2.1  Application Processes

Instructions regarding the submission of applications are provided in Section 8 of this paper.

Applicants are strongly encouraged to submit independent applications for each licence requested. While separate applications are encouraged, the Department recognizes that some applicants may find it necessary to submit applications involving more than one licence. Where an applicant requests more than one licence in a composite application, the applicant should fully and clearly indicate the extent to which the application would remain viable if any of the requested licences cannot be issued to the applicant.

Applicants should note that, while the Department expects that applicants will submit plans for the implementation and operation of new satellite facilities that would use assigned spectrum and orbital positions, consideration will also be given to applications proposing the short-term use of interim satellite facilities as part of a longer-term plan for the provision of capacity and services to satisfy Canadian requirements. Should such interim facilities be proposed, applicants should clearly identify the potential impact of such facilities on all elements of their submission.

As a part of each application, applicants are required to submit a plan for satisfying Canadian satellite capacity and service requirements (Canadian Satellite Capacity and Services Plan). Further details regarding these plans are provided in Section 6.4.1. All applicants should note that these Canadian Satellite Capacity and Services Plans will be posted on the website.

For the purpose of clarification, Industry Canada may request additional information from applicants and from those providing comments on applicant plans. Any such requests from the Department will be made in writing, and responses by the applicants must also be provided in writing within a specified time frame. Any such requests and responses, where they do not include confidential information, will be posted on the website.

All costs associated with the preparation of applications are and will remain the responsibility of the applicant. The Minister accepts no responsibility for any or all costs and expenses incurred in responding to this Call for Applications, or in connection with any meetings, interviews or consultations. Applicants who respond to this Call for Applications shall prepare and submit the required material, and otherwise engage in the process, at their own expense and with the express understanding that they shall not make any claim for reimbursement from the Government of Canada.

2.2  Selection and Licensing

The Department will analyze and assess all applications based on the policy objectives, requirements and other information set out in this Call for Applications with a view to ensure the orderly establishment of radio stations and the orderly development and efficient operation of radiocommunications in Canada. Further, comments and reply comments received respecting the Canadian Satellite Capacity and Services Plans will also be taken into account by the Department in the evaluation of applications. This evaluation will then be used to formulate advice and recommendations to the Minister of Industry concerning each application and the applicants to be selected ("selected applicants"). All applicants will be informed of the decisions regarding the selection of applicants, and those decisions will be published. Selected applicants will receive approvals in principle. These approvals in principle will be subject to conditions which will include likely conditions of licence. Selected applicants must demonstrate compliance with all applicable regulatory requirements, milestones and conditions, including Canadian ownership and control requirements, before radio authorizations permitting commercial operation of the satellite may be issued.

The Minister ultimately decides whether licences will be issued, which licences will be issued, to whom and on what conditions, based on the objectives and requirements set out in this document, the advice and recommendations of the Department and on other factors considered relevant, including events unforeseeable at the time the licensing process was initiated.

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3.  Canadian Satellite Users

Given the importance of the resources being made available in this licensing process for Canadian broadcasting and telecommunications, all applicants are encouraged to consult with potential Canadian satellite users of capacity and services (e.g. DTH service providers or other telecommunications service providers) in the development of their business plans and applications. To facilitate this consultation, Canadian satellite users, or their representatives, are invited to register with the Department.

Applicants will also be required to provide Canadian Satellite Capacity and Services Plans as part of their applications. During this licensing process, Canadian satellite users, including their representative organizations, will have an opportunity to comment on these plans, and applicants will have the opportunity to respond to such comments. All comments and reply comments received will be taken into account when Industry Canada assesses the applications received.

All costs associated with the registration of Canadian satellite users and the provision of comments will remain the responsibility of the participants. The Minister accepts no responsibility for any or all costs and expenses incurred in participating in this Call for Applications, or in connection with any meetings, interviews or consultations that may follow. Participants shall prepare and submit the material at their own expense and with the express understanding that they cannot make any claim for reimbursement from the Government of Canada.

3.1  Satellite User Registration

Satellite users interested in discussing their satellite capacity and services requirements with applicants may register with the Department by completing the form provided in Appendix A. Instructions and time frames for submitting user registrations to the Department are provided in Section 8. All satellite user registrations received will be posted on the website.

3.2  Commenting on Canadian Satellite Capacity and Services Plans

As indicated in Section 2, all applicants are required to provide a Canadian Satellite Capacity and Services Plan. These plans will be posted on the website. Canadian satellite users (whether registered as described above or not) are invited to provide their comments on these plans. These comments must be provided within 30 days of the plans being posted. These comments will also be posted on the same website. See Section 6.4.1 for details concerning the content of these plans.

3.3  Applicant Responses to Comments

Once the comments described in Section 3.2 are posted, applicants will then have 30 days to provide responses to those comments. These reply comments will also be posted on the website.

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4.  Spectrum and Orbital Resources Available

As indicated in the first section, 29 licences for satellites using fixed-satellite service (FSS) frequencies and broadcasting-satellite service (BSS) frequencies will be available as shown in Table 1. Information regarding the frequency ranges associated with each of the noted bands can be found in Section 5.2.

Table 1 — Licences, Positions and Frequency Bands Available

Licence	Orbital Position	Frequency Band
1	72.5° W	Extended Ku FSS
2	72.5° W	17 GHz BSS
3	78° W	17 GHz BSS
4	82° W	Extended Ku FSS
5	82° W	17 GHz BSS
6	86.5° W	17 GHz BSS
7	91° W	Extended Ku FSS
8	91° W	Ka FSS
9	91° W	17 GHz BSS
10	95° W	17 GHz BSS
11	99° W	17 GHz BSS
12	103° W	17 GHz BSS
13	107.3° W	Ka FSS
14	107.3° W	17 GHz BSS
15	109.2° W	Extended Ku FSS
16	109.2° W	Ka FSS
17	111.1° W	Extended Ku FSS
18	111.1° W	17 GHz BSS
19	113.0° W	17 GHz BSS
20	114.9° W	Extended Ku FSS
21	114.9° W	17 GHz BSS
22	118.7° W	Extended Ku FSS
23	118.7° W	Ka FSS
24	118.7° W	17 GHz BSS
25	129° W	Extended Ku FSS
26	129° W	17 GHz BSS
27	138° W	Extended Ku FSS
28	138° W	12 GHz BSS
29	138° W	17 GHz BSS

4.1  Spectrum and Orbital Resources Currently in Use

Although all positions and bands noted above are available in this licensing process, a small portion of the extended Ku band associated with licence 17 has been assigned to Telesat Canada to conduct tracking, telemetry and control operations related to its Anik F2 satellite. As such, the licensing and use of the extended Ku band for this orbital position will need to take this into account and selected applicants for this licence will be required to coordinate their use of the spectrum with Telesat Canada. Industry Canada has also received an application from TMI Communications and Company, Limited Partnership (TMI) to use a small portion of the extended Ku band associated with licence 17 to conduct tracking, telemetry and control operations related to a future mobile satellite. Should Industry Canada approve this application from TMI, use of this resource will need to take this approval into account and selected applicants for this licence will be required to coordinate their use of the spectrum with TMI. If the application from TMI is approved, Industry Canada will inform applicants by posting information on the website.

Furthermore, it should be noted that some FSS Ka band spectrum for licence 23 is currently assigned to Telesat Canada on a temporary basis. Telesat's use of the spectrum at this position is permitted until such time as the Department notifies Telesat that another satellite, to be operated by an entity authorized by the Department, is ready to use that spectrum and position.²

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5  Spectrum Utilization Policy

5.1  Spectrum Allocation

Applicants are advised to review the latest version of the Canadian Table of Frequency Allocations published under Gazette notice DGTP-002-05. This version reflects decisions adopted by the 2003 ITU World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-2003), as well as the revisions described in the Department's policy document SP 3-30 GHz, Revisions to Spectrum Utilization Policies in the 3-30 GHz Frequency Range and Further Consultation (DGTP-008-04).

5.2  Spectrum Utilization Policy

5.2.1  Broadcasting-Satellite Services (BSS)

(a) 12 GHz BSS

The frequency bands available for the 12 GHz BSS band orbital positions are 12.2–12.7 GHz (space-to-Earth) and the feeder link bands are 17.3–17.8 GHz (Earth-to-space).

The 12 GHz BSS band and its associated feeder link band were planned at the 1983 Region 2 Regional Administrative Radio Conference. In the resulting allotment plan, found in Appendix 30 and Appendix 30A of the ITU Radio Regulations, Canada was allotted six non-overlapping service areas covering Canada from west to east, with each of these areas being served from separate orbital positions.

In 1996, however, Industry Canada submitted coverage modifications to the ITU with a view toward the implementation of satellites to provide coverage of all of Canada and beyond from each of the 12 GHz BSS orbital positions. It should be noted that these extended coverage modifications are time limited by the ITU regulatory process and require to be coordinated and brought into use by specific dates. To date, four of the orbital positions have since been successfully modified to provide coverage of all of Canada. In the case of the 138° W orbital position, the deadline for Canada's submission of the modification for a satellite to cover Canada has lapsed.

With this Call for Applications, the Department is making available for assignment the 12 GHz BSS orbital position at 138° W based upon the Allotment Plan of Appendices 30 and 30A.³ Therefore, should an application provide for all-Canada coverage from this position, the Department will work with the selected applicant to submit a new plan modification to the ITU.

(b) 17 GHz BSS

The Ka band 17.3–17.8 GHz was allocated to the broadcasting-satellite service for use by Region 2 countries at the 1992 ITU World Administrative Radio Conference (WARC-92). In 1994, these international allocations were incorporated into the Canadian Table of Frequency Allocations. Although the spectrum was allocated more than 10 years ago in accordance with ITU allocation footnote 5.517, the earliest possible use of this band by the broadcasting-satellite service is April 1, 2007.

The sub-band 17.7–17.8 GHz is shared with other services on a primary basis, and a number of international and domestic allocation footnotes set out the sharing arrangements for its use. The ITU allocation footnote 5.517 indicates among other things, that after April 1, 2007, fixed-satellite service (space-to-Earth) use of this sub-band in Region 2 shall not cause harmful interference nor claim protection from operating BSS systems.

The Canadian allocation footnote C45⁴ indicates that stations in the fixed service after April 1, 2007 shall not cause harmful interference nor claim protection from operating BSS systems. Footnote C45 also indicates that a bilateral arrangement between Canada and the United States limits the aggregate power flux-density (PFD) of emissions from fixed service (FS) stations in one country at the border with the other country. Canadian allocation footnote C46⁵ places a PFD limit on Canadian BSS emissions into the territory of the United States for protection of American fixed service systems. Although this latter PFD limit may not constrain the provision of domestic BSS services, the Department is prepared to consult with the United States to address this restriction, in order to allow for more flexibility and the possibility to provide more extensive region-wide coverage. Additionally, the Department has implemented a moratorium on licensing new fixed service microwave installations in the band 17.7–17.8 GHz. The band 17.3–17.8 GHz has also been authorized for use by the fixed-satellite service (Earth-to-space) to provide feeder links to BSS space stations operating in the Ku band 12.2–12.7 GHz.

Applicants should note that the Department has also submitted filings to the ITU for access to use the Ka band BSS at all of the orbital positions from which the use of Ku band BSS spectrum is available. This could result in the use of the band 17.3–17.8 GHz in both the uplink and downlink directions at the same time from the same orbital position. Further, under this process, it is possible that the use of spectrum from those positions may be authorized to separate entities. While it is physically possible to operate separate satellites in both uplink and downlink directions within the same spectrum with a modest amount of separation between the satellites at the nominal orbital position, cooperation between the respective satellite operators will be required. Therefore, when a new or replacement satellite is introduced at the same nominal orbital position using the same bands as an existing satellite, the Department expects that appropriate action will be taken to ensure compatible operation of both satellites.

Similarly, with respect to earth terminals, the use of the band 17.3–17.8 GHz in both the uplink and downlink directions at the same time from the same orbital position will require coordination. Ubiquitously deployed receiving earth terminals could receive interference from transmitting feeder link earth stations. Therefore in the band 17.3–17.8 GHz, the use of fixed-satellite service for feeder links will be limited in number and location to facilitate the orderly development of BSS.

(c) Feeder Link Band for 17 GHz BSS

The Canadian allocation footnote C44⁶ identifies the band 24.75–25.25 GHz as the spectrum available for feeder links to broadcasting-satellite service space stations using the band 17.3–17.8 GHz. Licences to use spectrum in the bands 24.25–24.45 GHz and 25.05–25.25 GHz were auctioned for broadband wireless across all regions of Canada and licences have been granted for a 10-year period which started in early 2000. Hence, the installation of feeder link earth stations in the band 25.05–25.25 GHz will be subject to the provisions of Canadian allocation footnote C44.

5.2.2 Fixed-satellite Service

(a) Extended Ku Band. The extended Ku frequency bands being made available in this process are: 10.95–11.2 GHz and 11.45–11.7 GHz (space-to-Earth) and 13.75–14 GHz (Earth-to-space).

Fixed-satellite systems using the bands 10.95–11.2 GHz and 11.45–11.7 GHz share the spectrum on a co-primary basis with fixed service systems used for point-to-point applications in accordance with the Department's spectrum utilization policies SP 1–20 GHz and the recent revisions described in SP 3–30 GHz. Under these spectrum utilization policies, access to the bands is shared on a coordinated first-come, first-served basis. Protection is afforded to systems which have been licensed by the Department after coordination with existing licensed systems. While the use of these bands in the United States is limited to international systems by U.S. footnote NG104⁷, these bands have been made available in some recent cases for ubiquitous deployment of earth stations on an unprotected basis with respect to the fixed service.

The band 13.75–14.0 GHz is currently allocated to the fixed-satellite service in the uplink direction (Earth-to-space) and the radiolocation service on a co-primary basis. Prior to the ITU's 2003 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-2003), the use of this band for FSS was restricted to earth stations having a minimum antenna diameter of 4.5 metres. Regulatory changes adopted at WRC-2003 have relaxed these restrictions by allowing transmit earth station antennas as small as 1.2 metres in diameter, but have specified a PFD level⁸ to be met at the coastline and at the border of an administration's territory for antennas smaller than 4.5 metres.

The adoption of the PFD limit was to mitigate the potential interference to stations of the radiolocation and radionavigation services used on board military ships and by land mobile radars. The PFD limit means that transmitting earth stations operating within a certain distance of the border and the coastline will need to demonstrate compliance or need to apply mitigation techniques in order to comply. This distance depends very much on the methodology and assumptions used for the calculations. While the limits have been adopted, the methodologies and assumptions to determine compliance have not been stipulated in the ITU Radio Regulations. However, the ITU Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) has documented the technical studies in Recommendation ITU-R S.1712. The Department is examining the implications both domestically and internationally of facilitating the implementation of earth stations using smaller diameter antennas in Canada.

The Department recognizes that access to the extended Ku band, in particular the band 13.75–14 GHz, may provide additional opportunities to FSS operators wishing to deploy Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) networks in large segments of the Canadian market, including rural and remote communities. While technical studies continue, the Department wishes to facilitate early VSAT deployment and provide additional Ku band spectrum resources. For this reason, in SP 3–30 GHz, the Department adopted the changes to the ITU Radio Regulations made at WRC-2003 to facilitate the operation of transmitting earth stations with antenna diameters as small as 1.2 metres, in this band, subject to the restrictions prescribed in the ITU Radio Regulations. These changes have since been adopted into the Canadian Table of Frequency Allocations.

See Appendix B for further details concerning access and utilization of the band 13.75–14 GHz.

The Department envisages that this spectrum can be used in an innovative manner to provide services within Canada on a coordinated basis with the fixed service.

(b) Ka Band. Subject to the applicable Canadian spectrum utilization policies, summarized below, the Ka bands being made available in this process are: 19.7-20.2 GHz, 18.3–18.8 GHz and 17.8–18.3 GHz (space-to-Earth) and 29.5–30.0 GHz, 29.25–29.5 GHz, 28.35–28.6 GHz and 27.5–28.35 GHz (Earth-to-space).

In Canada, the Ka band satellite spectrum includes the bands 17.7–20.2 GHz and 27.5–30.0 GHz. The bands 19.7–20.2 GHz and 29.5–30.0 GHz are allocated on a primary basis exclusively to the fixed-satellite and mobile-satellite services. Ubiquitous deployment of subscriber terminals in these bands is virtually unconstrained by sharing with other services.

In the band 17.7–19.7 GHz, the FSS has a co-primary allocation with the fixed service and shares access to the spectrum with fixed systems authorized in accordance with Spectrum Utilization Policy 1–20 GHz, Revisions to Microwave Policies in the Range of 1–20 GHz (SP 1–20 GHz) and the recent modifications described in SP 3–30 GHz. Fixed services currently in the band 17.7–19.7 GHz operate in accordance with four channelling plans, defined in Standard Radio System Plan (SRSP) documents, which include provisions for low, medium and high-capacity point-to-point systems, Local Multipoint Communications Systems (LMCS), Very-high Capacity Microwave (VHCM) systems, Television Studio Transmitter Links (TV STL) and TV-pickup.

In response to the SP 3–30 GHz consultation, submissions from both terrestrial and satellite proponents placed considerable importance on the alignment of spectrum use in the band 17.8–19.7 GHz within the North American marketplace and the Americas, particularly for satellite services. SP 3–30 GHz makes provisions in the band 17.7–19.7 GHz to soft-partition access to the spectrum between fixed and fixed-satellite services with priority being given to each service in separate portions of the band. Priority has been given to fixed service systems in the bands 17.8–18.3 GHz and 19.3–19.7 GHz. In the band 18.3–19.3 GHz, priority has been given to fixed-satellite systems and a moratorium has been placed on the licensing of new fixed service systems. A transition period of 10 years (i.e. until 2014) for the fixed service has been defined, after which the fixed service will operate on no-interference, no-protection basis with respect to the fixed-satellite service in the band 18.3–19.3 GHz. Also, with the release of SP 3–30 GHz, access to the band 18.3–18.58 GHz by the FSS is unencumbered, since there are no incumbent FS systems in this portion of the band. Further, spectrum designations for fixed services had not been developed for the remaining band at 28.35–29.5 GHz, so there are no incumbent fixed service systems in this band. Provisions have been made to give priority to fixed services in the band 29.1–29.25 GHz, with priority being given to fixed-satellite service in the bands 28.35–29.1 GHz and 29.25–29.5 GHz.

The Department has already authorized Canadian geostationary Ka band satellites which will deploy a range of customer services in the bands 19.7–20.2/29.5–30 GHz and use associated spectrum for feeder link/gateways in the bands 18.3–18.8 GHz (on a coordinated basis), 28.35–28.6 GHz and 29.25–29.5 GHz. However, prospective applicants in this process may wish to take into account the flexibility afforded by the revised policies set out in SP 3–30 GHz when considering their spectrum configurations.

In 1995, spectrum for FSS employing non-geostationary satellite orbit (NGSO) satellites was identified internationally in the bands 18.8–19.3 GHz (space-to-Earth) and 28.6–29.1 GHz (Earth-to-space). NGSO FSS systems have global applications employing a number of low-Earth orbiting (LEO) satellites which promise to provide a variety of voice, data and video services directly to business customers and potentially to consumers. In SP 3–30 GHz, Industry Canada recognizes that the licensing activities of regional FSS systems in other countries, particularly U.S. licensing proceedings, will have an impact on how the spectrum will be designated for a number of new FSS systems. This will be taken into consideration in the designation and authorization of spectrum for particular systems and technologies in the bands. This is particularly true in the bands 18.8–19.3 GHz and 28.6–29.1 GHz.

In the band 27.5–29.5 GHz, the FSS is allocated on a co-primary basis with the fixed service. The band 25.35–28.35 GHz (28 GHz) is currently designated in Canada for LMCS. Access to the band 27.5–28.35 GHz is in accordance with the spectrum utilization policy for LMCS services and domestic footnote C47A⁹ which limits FSS to applications which will pose minimal constraints on the deployment of FS systems.

The band 19.3–19.7 GHz is allocated to the FSS (space-to-Earth) and FS on a co-primary basis, while the band 29.1–29.5 GHz is allocated to the FSS (Earth-to-space) and FS on a co-primary basis. Use of the band 29.1–29.25 GHz by the FSS is limited to feeder links for NGSO systems in the mobile-satellite service.

5.3  Frequency Coordination Requirements

5.3.1  Overview

The international regulatory environment for Canadian space stations is a complex one involving arrangements or agreements with other administrations, including frequency sharing arrangements. These arrangements and agreements are undertaken within the context of the ITU Radio Regulations which, among other things, require that satellite networks be coordinated with other potentially affected satellite networks to ensure that harmful interference is not caused to, or received from, existing or planned satellite networks. Coordination between satellite networks is also required at the domestic level. During the domestic and international coordination process, it is likely that certain operational restrictions will be required of the satellite network to achieve compatibility.

5.3.2  International Satellite Network Coordination

Access to orbital positions and the establishment of international rights in that respect is predicated on the successful completion of international satellite network coordination, notification and recording procedures which are outlined in the ITU Radio Regulations. One of the key elements of these procedures requires administrations to effect coordination of their network with already existing and planned satellite and terrestrial networks of other countries. For certain spectrum and orbital resources available in this Call for Applications, coordination has been achieved with certain administrations and is documented in various bilateral arrangements or agreements. Selected applicants will be required to comply with these existing arrangements. These arrangements and an overview of the international regulatory framework for Canadian satellite networks are described in more detail in Appendix C. Where no international arrangements or agreements are in place, the Department will work with the selected applicants to achieve the most favourable conditions possible for the operation of the satellite networks proposed in their applications, with regard to foreign satellite networks, taking into account Canada's broader interests regarding access to orbital and spectrum resources.

Successful coordination of a satellite network is very much dependent on the nature of the proposed network, the environment in which the proposed network intends to operate and the expertise and negotiating skills that the selected applicant brings to the negotiation table. Industry Canada cannot provide any assurance or guarantee of success, nor foresee any limitations or restrictions that may be placed upon the satellite network as a result of the coordination process.

Selected applicants will be responsible for all costs associated with coordinating their satellites, including the development of coordination and notification information for submission to the ITU, payment of all ITU processing charges related to the submission of this information, and must participate at their own expense in any activity deemed necessary to complete the international coordination process for their satellite network.

5.3.3  Domestic Satellite Network Coordination

As with international satellite networks, selected applicants will be required to coordinate their satellite networks with other potentially affected Canadian satellite networks (existing or planned). While the Department is of the view that Canadian satellites located at adjacent orbital positions should have equitable access to all assigned spectrum, in some cases it will be incumbent upon operators of new satellites to accommodate certain services carried by existing licensed facilities. The Department would be supportive of coordination arrangements that are mutually acceptable to all concerned parties.

5.3.4  Earth Station Coordination

Domestic and international coordination of earth stations in Canada, except those exempted from the licensing requirements pursuant to the Radiocommunication Act and Radiocommunication Regulations, are to be carried out where appropriate as part of the licensing process for earth stations, as described in the Department's Client Procedure Circular 2-6-01, Procedure for the Submission of Applications to License Fixed Earth Stations and to Approve the Use of Foreign Fixed-satellite Service (FSS) Satellites in Canada (CPC-2-6-01). Information concerning other Canadian licensed systems is available on the website.

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² Specific condition of approval is: "Telesat shall incorporate in its satellite, and operate, the Ka band payload as set out in its C and Ku band satellite application submitted to Industry Canada on March 15, 2001, or a Ka band payload otherwise acceptable to the Department. Operation of this Ka band payload will be permitted until such time as another Ka band satellite, to be operated by an entity authorized by Industry Canada, is ready to use the Ka band at the 118.7°W orbital position. Telesat Canada must ensure that all users of the Anik F3 Ka band payload are made fully aware of the temporary nature of Telesat's access to the Ka band spectrum at the 118.7°W orbital position."

³ Orbital position 70.5° W is not being made available.

⁴ C45 In the band 17.7–17.8 GHz, Canadian stations in the fixed service shall not claim protection from and shall not cause harmful interference to Canadian stations operating in the broadcasting-satellite service after 1 April 2007. In addition, to protect broadcasting-satellite receiving stations in Canada and in the United States, the aggregate power flux density from fixed systems of one country shall not be greater than -109 dB (W/m² ) over any 1 MHz band in any area within the other country where the broadcasting-satellite service is used.

⁵ C46 In the band 17.7–17.8 GHz, Canadian broadcasting-satellite space stations shall not radiate into territory of the United States administration a power flux density greater than that specified in ITU Article 21, Table 21-4. Similarly, to protect Canadian fixed systems, transmissions from broadcasting-satellite space stations of United States operators can be expected to be limited in the same way in Canadian territory.

⁶ C44 (CAN-00) Feeder links to broadcasting-satellite space stations operating in the band 17.3 -17.8 GHz shall be implemented in the band 24.75–25.25 GHz. In areas where fixed systems have been licensed using a competitive process, future earth stations (Earth-to-space) in the band 25.05–25.25 GHz will be permitted provided that such installations will not cause interference to any fixed service to be deployed in the authorized service area.

⁷ NG104 The use of the bands 10.7–11.7 GHz (space-to-Earth) and 12.75–13.25 GHz (Earth-to-space) by the fixed-satellite service in the geostationary-satellite orbit shall be limited to international systems, i.e., other than domestic systems.

⁸ See ITU allocation footnote 5.502.

⁹ C47A (CAN-00) The band 27.35–28.35 GHz is being licensed for Local Multipoint Communication Systems (LMCS) in the fixed service, which will be given priority over fixed-satellite service systems sharing this spectrum on a co-primary basis. Fixed-satellite service implementation in this band will be limited to applications which will pose minimal constraints upon the deployment of fixed service systems, such as a small number of large antennas for feeder links.